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Rudolph Hjalmar Gjelsness
Rudolph Hjalmar Gjelsness (October 18, 1894 – August 16, 1968) was a prominent American librarian and literary translator who served as Dean of the University of Michigan's Library Science Department from 1940 to 1964. Additionally, he held positions at a variety of public and university libraries, including the New York City Public Library, the University of Arizona, and the University of California-Berkeley, as well as several others both in the United States and abroad. He also contributed articles to numerous scholarly journals within the library field, including ''Public Libraries'', ''The Library Quarterly'', and the ''Journal of Education for Librarians''.〔JSTOR, "(Search Results )," JSTOR, (accessed October 2, 2010).〕 In 1999, ''American Libraries'' named him one of the "100 Most Important Leaders We Had in the 20th Century."〔Leonard Kniffel, Peggy Sullivan, Edith McCormick, "100 of the Most Important Leaders We Had in the 20th Century," ''American Libraries'' 30, no. 11 (December 1999): 43.〕
==Early life and education: 1894–1925==
Rudolph Hjalmar Gjelsness was born in the farming community of Reynolds, North Dakota on October 18, 1894.〔Bentley Historical Library, “(Rudolph H. Gjelsness Papers 1919-1968: Biography )”, University of Michigan, (accessed September 21, 2010).〕 A first-generation American, Gjelsness was raised by his Norwegian immigrant parents Marius and Karoline Gjelsness to speak both the Norwegian and English languages.〔 Gjelsness began his college education at the University of North Dakota and graduated with a degree in zoology and a teacher's certificate in 1916.〔 Following a brief stint as principal of a high school in the small town of Adams, North Dakota, he enrolled in the Library School at the University of Illinois.〔 Shortly thereafter, however, Gjelsness was forced to postpone his education due to the United States' entry into World War I. Following a year of service in the United States Army Air Service in Western Europe, Gjelsness was discharged to serve as a reference librarian at the American Expeditionary Forces University in Beaune, France.〔David Kaser, ed., ''Books in America’s Past: Essays Honoring Rudolph H. Gjelsness'' (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1966), v.〕 After his time in Europe, Gjelsness returned to the University of Illinois to finish his education, emerging with a bachelor's degree in library science in 1920.〔
This allowed Gjelsness to take a variety of jobs at both public libraries and at major universities. These included positions as head of the Ordering Department at the University of Oregon's library and later as senior bibliographer at the University of California-Berkeley.〔 In 1924, Gjelsness was given an offer to study literature in his parents' homeland by The American-Scandinavian Foundation. Over the course of his year at the University of Oslo, he translated numerous works from Norwegian into English.〔 His experiences were detailed in "A Librarian's Year in Norway," an article he contributed to the July 1925 issue of ''Public Libraries''.〔
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